Medium
		etching, drypoint and burin
Credit Line
			National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne
Everard Studley Miller Bequest, 1959			
Gallery location
		Not on display
Catalogue/s Raisonné
		H.268.V,Holl.264.V
Accession Number
		528-5
Departments
			International Prints / International Prints and Drawings
This digital record has been made available on NGV Collection Online through the generous support of the Joe White Bequest
Subjects (general)
		
	Costume Portraits	
		
Subjects (specific)
		
	books coats (garments) collars (neckwear) cross-hatching half figures medicine (discipline) men (male humans) professors (teachers)	
		
Movements
		
	Baroque
		
Watermark Form
										Seven provinces
 
The Seven provinces watermark depicts a rampant lion that represents the German dynasty, House of Nassau. The lion holds a sword in one paw and seven arrows in the other, and the arrows represent the Seven United Provinces or the Dutch Republic. This paper, like many of the period, would likely have been made in South-West France for the Dutch market. The watermark motif became common during the mid 17th century and in time developed changes, depicting a spear instead of a sword and the text 'Vryheit' below. The watermark further evolved to depict the figure of Hollandia with the text 'Pro Patria', from which it became known as the Pro Patria watermark, used by Holland papermakers throughout the 18th century, while also imported for use in England.
Watermark and variant description
											
												Seven provinces - variant A'.a.b. Lion rampant, one forepaw holding a sabre, the other seven arrows. The initials BM below, double-wired. Chain line through the centre of the watermark.										
Closely related watermark references
											
												Churchill 118 (1707); 
Heawood 3142 (c. 1698); 
Voorn 92 (1699); 
Nicolai, pl. LXXXVII, nos. 1-2 (M. Bonneau).										
Completeness
											
												complete										
Chain Line Interval
											
												20-22 mm										
Laid Line Frequency
											
												12/cm										
Placement and spacing of wires
											
												118 x 2 [17|22|21|17] x 5										
Wire Side
											
												verso										
Radiograph taken from
											
												verso